- principles of governance
- traffic flow management
- population boom and decline
Monday, February 28, 2011
IMPORTANT TIP FOR TOMORROW'S TEST
SBQ on Low Fertility
Requirements for Common Test 2011
- SBQ - Inference (3NA) / Higher Order Inference (3Exp)
- SEQ on Ch2
- Supported inference - Inference/Support/Explanation
- Purpose - Audience & Action/Reaction of audience
Simple inference
Give 2 inferences, and get relevant evidence from the source.
Look at the question:
- What does this source tell you/show you (ISSUE)
Always look at issue AND guiding questions PLUS background information and put the source into context
Higher order inference
2 inferences with PURPOSE (hit highest level)
What cartoonist/writer wants the audience to do/to have
the source wants audience to [key verb] [issue] and act/react [in particular way]
the cartoonist/writer wants the [audience] to feel [key verb/adjective] [reiterate inference] so that [reaction from audience]
how to get intended audience – look at the provenance. put yourself in the shoes of the author/writer.
valid inference + evidence + intended audience + outcome
ALL LINKED!
SEQ on ALS
L1 | Writes about Area Licensing Scheme but without Focus/reference to the question. Award 1 mark for writing in general about the ALS without answering the question. Award 1 additional mark for further details provided. E.g. The ALS made congestion outside the CBD worse as many motorist decided to take passengers just to avoid paying ERP. | [1 – 2] |
L2 | Answers the question by describing given factor or/ and Identifies/Describes other factor(s). Award 2 marks for describing the given/other factor Award 1 additional marks for further details provided or 1 other factor identified, up to 2 marks for both elements E.g. The ALS was designed to manage traffic flow by charging motorists a fee for using certain roads at certain times(usually peak hour) of the day. Most of these roads were located in the city areas. These roads were bounded within areas designated as Restricted Zones. E.g. In 1988, the Electronic Road Pricing(ERP) system replaced the ALS as there was room for improvement. As technology improved, there were more efficient ways of monitoring and regulating traffic made available. The use of up to date technology would enable the transport system to stay relevant with the times. E.g. The Vehicle Quota System(VQS) is a system imposed by the LTA to regulate the number of cars in | [2 – 4] |
L3 | Explains given factor or 1 other factor(s). Award 5 marks for a weakly explained factor. Award 6 marks for a well-explained factor detailing impact. E.g. The ALS was designed to manage traffic flow by charging motorists a fee for using certain roads at certain times(usually peak hour) of the day. Most of these roads were located in the city areas. These roads were bounded within areas designated as Restricted Zones. The Area Licensing Scheme was effective in managing traffic flow because when it was introduced, the number of cars entering the CBD dropped from 32,500 to 7,700 vehicles. This could be due to many motorists being deterred from entering the CBD due to its cost of entry. It could also be those motorists who did not really need to be in the CBD now decided not to enter the area. The ALS was supplemented by the Park and Ride Scheme where motorists were encouraged to park their vehicles in car parks located just outside the CBD boundary and entered the CBD via public transport. This would ensure that fewer cars would enter the E.g. In 1988, the Electronic Road Pricing(ERP) system replaced the ALS as there was room for improvement. As technology improved, there were more efficient ways of monitoring and regulating traffic made available. The use of up to date technology would enable the transport system to stay relevant with the times. The ERP helped reduce traffic flow because it extended the ‘reach’ of the ALS by erecting gantries on roads and highways(e.g. PIE) outside the E.g. The Vehicle Quota System(VQS) is a system imposed by the LTA to regulate the number of cars in | [ 5 – 6 ] |
L4 | Explains given factor and identifies/describes other factors. Award 7 marks for explanation of given factor and identification of other factor(s). E.g. L3+ There are also alternative factors that can manage traffic flow such as the ERP and the VQS. | 7 |
L5 | Both Aspects of L3. Award 8 marks for explanation of given factor and 1 other factor. Award 9 marks for explanation of given factor and 2 other factors explained and up to 10 marks for detailed explanation of ALL three factors. | [8 – 10] |
L6 | L5+ Discusses the relative importance of the different factors (not tested for Term 1) Award 11 marks for weighing relative importance of given factor with one other factor. Award 12 marks for weighing relative importance of given factor with two other factors. E.g. The VQS is the most successful way in managing traffic flow because it controls the supply of cars in | [11-12] |